The sun and its damaging effects
While we need sunlight to live, it can also be very damaging to our health if we get too much of it.
Sunlight comprises several different types of electromagnetic energy, including UV (ultraviolet) and infra-red radiation and visible light.
- UV-A and UV-B radiation may contribute to chronic skin, eye and immune system damage
- Infra-red and visible light can also cause chronic skin damage and ageing symptoms
UV levels are highest around midday or in the summer months – when the sun is closest to the earth. 70% of radiation reaches the earth’s surface between 9am and 3pm.1
As UV radiation is not related to temperature, many people get sunburnt when the temperature is between 18 and 27 degrees. Because they are often unprotected, people are most likely to get burnt when taking part in unprotected incidental activities like gardening or simply sitting in the park.
Conditions caused by the sun
Melanoma (skin cancer)
Melanoma is cancer of the skin's melanocytes (pigment cells) and the most deadly form of skin cancer. If untreated, it can spread to other parts of the body. There are two main types of melanoma: common and nodular.
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Basal cell and Squamous cell carcinoma (skin cancer)
The two other most prevalent forms of skin cancer are basal cell carcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma. Basal cell is the most common form of skin cancer.
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Premature ageing
As well as being potentially harmful for your skin, the sun can also have a negative ageing effect. Repeated sun tanning contributes to premature ageing and increases the risk of skin cancer.
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Sunburn
Sunburn is a reaction from exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation. The top layers of your skin release chemicals that cause your blood vessels to expand, causing inflammation, pain and redness.
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Moles and other sunspots
These spots, while not skin cancer, may be warning signs of sun damage and future skin cancer. If you have any of these spots you should regularly check the spots for any changes.
Examine your skin regularly and look for any unusual changes or growths. If you are concerned about a skin lesion, consult your doctor as quickly as possible. Skin cancers can be cured if detected and treated early enough.
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Please Note: Always check with your doctor or skin specialist if you suspect you have any of the symptoms/conditions mentioned above.